Trade Costs

# Trade Costs > OpenAlex Metadata Hub · https://openalex.org/W4249920418 ## Bibliographic - **DOI:** 10.1257/0022051042177649 - **Year:** 2004 - **Citations:** 2485 - **Open Access:** No (closed) - **License:** — - **Source:** https://doi.org/10.1257/0022051042177649 ## Authors - James E. Anderson - Eric van Wincoop ## Abstract This paper surveys the measurement of trade costs: what we know and don't know but may usefully attempt to learn. Partial and incomplete data on direct measures of costs go with inference on implicit costs from trade flows and prices. Total trade costs in rich countries are large. The ad valorem tax equivalent is about 170 percent when pushing the data hard. Poor countries face even higher trade costs. There is a lot of variation across countries and across goods within countries, much of which makes economic sense. In our survey, theory provides interpretation and perspective and suggests improvements for the future. Some new results are presented to properly apply and interpret gravity theory and handle aggregation. ## Keywords Economics, Inference, Perspective (graphical), Face (sociological concept), Interpretation (philosophy), Computer science ## Concepts - Economics - Inference - Perspective (graphical) - Face (sociological concept) - Interpretation (philosophy) - Computer science - Artificial intelligence - Social science - Programming language - Sociology --- *Metadata only — full text not imported unless Open Access license permits.*

Bài “Trade Costs” được TradingBase chuyển thành Knowledge Product cho trader — không phải trang đọc abstract OpenAlex. Tóm lược học thuật (đã diễn giải): This paper surveys the measurement of trade costs: what we know and don't know but may usefully attempt to learn. Partial and incomplete data on direct measures of costs go with inference on implicit costs from trade flows and prices. Total trade costs in rich countries are large. The ad valorem tax equivalent is about 170 percent when pushing the data hard. Poor countries face even higher trade costs. There is a lot of variation across countries and across goods within countries, much of which makes economic sense. In our survey, theory provides interpretation and perspective and suggests improvements for the future. Some new results are presented to properly apply and interpret gravity theory and handle aggregation. Phần Trading Insights bên dưới nối nghiên cứu với Forex, vàng, USD, lãi suất và risk regime — để bạn đưa vào journal và playbook. Metadata DOI/OA chỉ là rail tham chiếu; nội dung chính là summary, takeaways và ứng dụng thị trường do Content Factory sinh.