I consider the desirability of the observed tendency of central banks to adjust interest rates only gradually in response to changes in economic conditions. I show, in the context of a simple model of optimizing private sector behaviour, that such inertial behaviour on the part…
# Optimal Monetary Policy Inertia
> OpenAlex Metadata Hub · https://openalex.org/W2148925703
## Bibliographic
- **DOI:** 10.1111/1467-9957.67.s1.1
- **Year:** 1999
- **Citations:** 688
- **Open Access:** Yes (green)
- **License:** —
- **Source:** https://doi.org/10.3386/w7261
## Authors
- Michael Woodford
## Abstract
I consider the desirability of the observed tendency of central banks to adjust interest rates only gradually in response to changes in economic conditions. I show, in the context of a simple model of optimizing private sector behaviour, that such inertial behaviour on the part of the central bank may indeed be optimal, in the sense of minimizing a loss function that penalizes inflation variations, deviations of output from potential and interest rate variability. Sluggish adjustment characterizes an optimal policy commitment, even though no such inertia would be present in the case of discretionary optimization.
## Keywords
Discretion, Monetary policy, Economics, Interest rate, Section (typography), Central bank, Independence (probability theory), Inertia, Forward guidance, Monetary economics, Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, Inflation targeting, Credit channel, Computer science, Mathematics
## Concepts
- Discretion
- Monetary policy
- Economics
- Interest rate
- Section (typography)
- Central bank
- Independence (probability theory)
- Inertia
- Forward guidance
- Monetary economics
- Microeconomics
- Macroeconomics
- Inflation targeting
- Credit channel
- Computer science
- Mathematics
- Physics
- Political science
- Classical mechanics
- Law
- Operating system
- Statistics
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*Metadata only — full text not imported unless Open Access license permits.*
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Tóm lược học thuật (đã diễn giải): I consider the desirability of the observed tendency of central banks to adjust interest rates only gradually in response to changes in economic conditions. I show, in the context of a simple model of optimizing private sector behaviour, that such inertial behaviour on the part of the central bank may indeed be optimal, in the sense of minimizing a loss function that penalizes inflation variations, deviations of output from potential and interest rate variability. Sluggish adjustment characterizes an optimal policy commitment, even though no such inertia would be present in the case of discretionary optimization.
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1. I consider the desirability of the observed tendency of central banks to adjust interest rates only gradually in response to changes in economic conditions.
2. I show, in the context of a simple model of optimizing private sector behaviour, that such inertial behaviour on the part of the central bank may indeed be optimal, in the sense of minimizing a loss function that penalizes inflation variations, deviations of output from potential and interest rate variability.
3. Sluggish adjustment characterizes an optimal policy commitment, even though no such inertia would be present in the case of discretionary optimization.
Trader nên nối luận điểm policy/lãi suất trong tài liệu với bias trung hạn của USD và các cặp major — đặc biệt quanh FOMC / dữ liệu CPI.
Với XAUUSD: kỳ vọng cắt lãi / USD yếu thường hỗ trợ vàng; hawkish surprise thường gây áp lực giảm — dùng khung này để đọc reaction sau tin, không đoán trước.
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